Efek Perubahan Zona Agroklimat Oldeman Terhadap Pola Tanam Padi Sumatera Barat

Abstract

The change of rainfall has caused the change of classification zone of Oldeman agroclimate as well as the effect on the pattern of rainfed lowland rice plantation in West Sumatera Province which is one national rice center. This study aims to determine the areas that have changed     the     classification     of     Oldeman agroclimate  zone  and  know  the  area  of  rice centers that experienced changes in cropping patterns and verify the suitability of Oldeman classification planting pattern with actual cropping pattern. This research has been conducted at  rice center of West Sumatra. Data used rainfall 1910- 1941 and 1985-2015, analysis of changes in Oldeman agroclimate zone. Agroclimatic zone of Oldeman 1977 used as baseline. Then conducted a  survey  to  obtain  information  on  changes  in actual rice cropping patterns. The results of this study indicate a change in Oldeman agro-climatic zone in the Central Sumatra rice area in five locations, in Luak Situjuh, Rao, Sijunjung, Sukarami and Lima Kaum. Luak Situjuh from type B1 to E1, Rao from D2 to C1, Sijunjung from C1 to D1, Sukarami from A1 to B1 and Lima kaum from E1 becomes E3. Locations that experience changes in rice cropping pattern in rainfed lowland are  Luak  Situjuh,  Panti  and  Lima  Kaum.  The result of verification of actual cropping pattern according to Oldeman classification planting pattern at four locations is Lubuk Basung, Sungai Dareh, Muara Labuh and Sukarami.