The Influence of El Niño and La Niña on Rainfall in Biak for 30 Years (1981-2010)
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Published: Aug 31, 2016 |
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Keywords: El Niño, La Niña, 30 years period, Biak rainfall |
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Abstract
Research on the influence of El Niño and La Niña during 30 years is focused in Biak. Rainfall data (1981-2010) is based on Biak Meteorological Station observation. ENSO activity and its teleconection to the variability of monthly rainfall has been evaluated by analyzing the response of the monthly rainfall and ENSO-related activities through the comparison of normal monthly rainfall and ENSO events composites. At the time of El Niño, Biak monthly rainfall tends to decrease until it reaches 42.55% which took place in October. While, La Niña tends to leave positive impact on Biak monthly rainfall of up to 54.27%, which occurred in September. The influence of El Niño and La Niña most to the seasonal rainfall occurs in the SON or transition period from dry to rainy season. Correlation analysis between Biak monthly rainfall and Niño 3.4 index during the period reveals that ENSO activity gives negative impact on Biak monthly rainfall with the highest correlation coefficient occurred in October, reaching -0.55. This number indicates that correlation is strong enough
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